Embedded Files
Key Concepts in Object-Oriented Programming
Classes
Objects
Abstraction
Encapsulation
Inheritance
Polymorphism
Benefits of Object-Oriented Programming
Modularity and Reusability
Code Organization
Scalability and Extensibility
Code Readability
Components of C++ Architecture
Syntax
Compilation Process
Memory Management
Standard Template Library (STL)
Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Features
Standard Library
Compiler
Development
Compilation
Linking
Execution
Java frameworks offer developers a set of pre-defined functionalities, libraries, and structures to simplify common tasks and promote best practices.
Elements of Java Frameworks
Spring Framework - Spring Framework - https://spring.io/
Hibernate - Hibernate - https://hibernate.org/
Apache Struts - Apache Struts - https://struts.apache.org/
Apache Maven - Apache Maven - https://maven.apache.org/
bitwise operations directly manipulate bits within a binary representation of numbers. They operate on binary digits (bits) of the operands and perform operations bit by bit.
Bitwise AND (&)
The bitwise AND operator compares each bit of its operands. If both bits are 1, the resulting bit is set to 1. Otherwise, it is set to 0.
2. Bitwise OR (|)
The bitwise OR operator compares each bit of its operands. If at least one of the bits is 1, the resulting bit is set to 1.
Truth Table:
3. Bitwise XOR (^)
The bitwise XOR operator compares each bit of its operands. If the bits are different, the resulting bit is set to 1. If they are the same, the resulting bit is set to 0.
4. Bitwise NOT (~)
The bitwise NOT operator inverts each bit of its operand. It turns 0s into 1s and 1s into 0s. The bitwise NOT is applied using two's complement representation, which means the result is the negative of the value incremented by one.
Commutative Property
The commutative property states that the order of the operands does not affect the result of the operation. For bitwise operators, this property applies to AND, OR, and XOR.
Associative Property
The associative property states that the grouping of operands does not affect the result of the operation. For bitwise operators, this property applies to AND, OR, and XOR.
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